The production process and quality control of FRP panels (also known as glass fiber reinforced plastic panels or GRP panels) are key steps in ensuring their performance, stability and durability. FRP plate has good corrosion resistance, high strength, light weight and excellent electrical insulation, widely used in construction, chemical, electric power, transportation and other fields. The following is a detailed introduction to the production process and quality control of FRP plates:
First, the production process of FRP plate
Raw material preparation
Glass fiber: As a reinforcing material, glass fiber is the main component of FRP. Commonly used glass fibers are glass fiber cloth, glass fiber wire, glass fiber felt, etc., the type of selection is determined according to the application needs and performance requirements of the plate.
Resin: Usually use unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin or vinyl ester resin, etc., they have good adhesion and strong chemical stability.
Additives: In order to improve some characteristics of FRP plates (such as anti-ultraviolet, anti-oxidation, flame retardant, etc.), some additives or fillers may be added, such as anti-ultraviolet agents, stabilizers, flame retardants, etc.
Mold design and preparation
The production of FRP plate usually adopts mold forming process. The mold design should be determined according to the size, thickness, strength requirements and appearance requirements of the plate. Common mold types are hand paste mold, vacuum mold and pressure mold.
Molding process
Hand Lay-up method: It is suitable for the production of small batches or medium thickness FRP plates. The process is to lay the predetermined glass fiber material in layers in the mold, evenly coated resin between each layer of glass fiber, by hand laying and rolling to remove bubbles, to ensure the uniform combination of fiber and resin.
Spray forming (spray-UP) : The glass fiber and resin are simultaneously sprayed onto the mold surface by the spray gun, which is suitable for the production of larger sizes and more complex shapes.
Vacuum Bagging: The vacuum extraction method ensures that the resin is fully permeated into the glass fiber, thereby improving the quality and strength of the finished product.
Pressing molding: through the way of pressure and heating, the resin and glass fiber are better combined, suitable for high-strength, high-quality glass steel plate production.
Curing and stripping
After forming, the FRP plate needs to be cured, and common curing methods include room temperature curing and high temperature curing. The resin will undergo a cross-linking reaction during curing, thus increasing the strength and stability of the plate. After curing, demoulding is an important step that must be handled carefully to ensure that the surface of the FRP plate is smooth and smooth and not damaged.
Postprocessing
The cured FRP plate usually requires some post-treatment steps, such as grinding, trimming, surface spraying, etc. Grinding is mainly used to remove surface defects and ensure the appearance quality of the plate. Surface spraying or coating can improve the weather resistance, corrosion resistance and so on.
Second, the quality control of FRP plate
In order to ensure the performance and stability of FRP plates in various environments, each link in the production process needs to be strictly controlled. The main quality control measures include:
Quality control of raw materials
Glass fiber: Check the type of glass fiber, specifications, water content, etc., to ensure that its performance meets the requirements.
Resin: The physical properties of the resin are tested, such as curing time, fluidity, viscosity, etc., to ensure that it is suitable for the specific production process.
Additives: Check whether the additives meet the standards to ensure that they can effectively improve the performance of the plate.
Quality control during production
Molding process monitoring: Ensure that the ratio of glass fiber and resin is correct, and that each layer of glass fiber is laid evenly, without bubbles or inclusions. Use sensors and monitoring equipment for real-time monitoring of molding temperature, pressure, humidity, etc.
Resin curing control: The curing process of the resin has a great impact on the mechanical properties of the plate. The curing temperature and time need to be monitored to ensure that the resin is fully cured and to avoid uncured or over-cured conditions.
Inspection of finished product
Appearance inspection: Check whether the surface of the plate is smooth and smooth, and whether there are bubbles, cracks, scratches and other defects.
Size inspection: Use measuring tools to accurately measure the size of the finished plate to ensure that the plate meets the design requirements.
Mechanical properties test: The tensile strength, bending strength, impact strength and other mechanical properties of the FRP plate are tested to ensure that they meet the requirements of use.
Corrosion resistance test: the plate is placed in different chemical environments to test its acid and alkali resistance, salt spray resistance and other properties to ensure that it ADAPTS to various complex environments.
Thermal stability test: Through the coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity and other tests to ensure that the FRP plate can adapt to different temperature changes.
Batch control and sampling
For mass production of FRP plates, batch control is implemented, and the raw materials and production process of each batch need to be tracked and recorded. Regular sampling inspection of the finished product performance, to ensure the quality of the factory product stability.
Conclusion
The production process and quality control of FRP plate is a systematic project involving many links. Through the precise production process and strict quality control measures, we can ensure the performance of products in various harsh environments to meet the needs of construction, transportation, chemical and other industries. With the continuous development of technology, the performance of FRP plates will continue to improve, and its application prospects will be more extensive.
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